To create a website there are two important components that you must have, namely Domain and Hosting. It is undeniable that many people often cannot distinguish between what is a domain and what is hosting. Therefore I write this article to thoroughly review the domain and hosting.
Definition of Domain
In short, a domain name is the address of a website. This domain name will be used by people to be able to visit your website, for example, Facebook.com, Google.com.
Actually,
this domain is a unique name that is used to identify the IP address of a computer server. The IP address itself is an array of numbers consisting of a number of digits, for example, the IP address 172.217.17.147 (at the time of this article) is the address of the tipricks.net computer server.
this domain is a unique name that is used to identify the IP address of a computer server. The IP address itself is an array of numbers consisting of a number of digits, for example, the IP address 172.217.17.147 (at the time of this article) is the address of the tipricks.net computer server.
You can try typing 172.217.17.147 in the Address Bar in your browser, then you will go to the tipricks.net page. Well, now you can imagine if there is no domain name, then how many numbers of IP addresses do you have to remember just to just open websites that you frequently access.
So the function of the domain name is to make it easier for visitors to access and remember your website address. In addition, if at any time you have to change the IP address of your website for certain purposes (such as moving a computer server), then you don't need to bother telling visitors your new IP address, because all they need is a domain name to be able to access to your website.
Domain Name Types
A domain name is actually a combination of several parts, namely:
- The first part is called the Top Level Domain (TLD) is the last letter arrangement after the dot of a domain or the part of the domain name that is located in the rightmost position until the dot. An example of a TLD from tipricks.com is .com
- The second part called Second Level Domain (SLD) is the second part from the right or the part after the TLD of a domain name. Examples of SLD from tipricks.com are tipricks, SLD from Google.com.pk is .co
- The third part, called the Third Level Domain, is the part after the SLD of a domain name. Example Google.com.pk, the Third Level Domain is Google
- The subdomain is a domain that is part of the main domain, subdomains are usually located in the front (left) of the domain name. The purpose of creating a subdomain is usually because a new website is needed that has different functions from the main website. For example, Mail.Google.com which is a subdomain of Google.com to access the Gmail email website.
Well, the Top Level Domain (TLD) itself is divided into two types, namely:
- Global Top-Level Domain (gTLD) is a TLD for various public uses. Example: .com, .net, .org, .gov, .biz, .info
- Country Code Level Domain (ccTLD) is a TLD that is specifically used for certain countries. Example: .pk, .uk, .sg, .my
Each TLD is a code that has meaning to represent the contents of a website. So by knowing the meaning of TLD you can already guess about what the contents of a website might be. Although in its implementation sometimes a domain's TLD is not as it should be, for example. Org which was originally used to code a non-profit organization's website but in the end is widely used by commercial websites.
Here are some types of domains based on TLD that we often encounter.
- .com is used for commercial or corporate website domains
- .net is used for network website domains
- .org is used for the organization's website domain (nonprofit)
- .gov is used for government website domains
- .biz is used for business website domains
- .info is used for website information domain
- .edu is used for education website domains
- .ac is used for academic website domains
- .sch is used for school website domains
- .pk is used for the Pakistani website domain
- .uk is used for the United Kingdom (UK) website domains.
- .us is used for the United States website domain
- .com.pk is used for commercial or corporate website domains in Pakistan
- .gov.pk is used for government website domains in Pakistan
- .edu.pk is used for the website domain of educational institutions in Pakistan
Due to the rapid and rapid growth of the website, in 2014 ICANN released more than 1,400 new TLDs covering various categories ranging from technology, industry, hobbies, etc. So do not be surprised if you find websites with the suffix .online, .music, .pizza, .boutique, .camera, .ninja, .cooking, .fishing, .horse, etc .
Overview of ICANN
Of the millions of domain names spread across cyberspace, you might ask who controls these
ICANN stands for Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers, an organization headquartered in Marina Del Rey, California, US to regulate and supervise domain names.
ICANN is only responsible for regulating and issuing policies about the domain but does not serve domain registration. If you want to register/buy a domain name, you can go through a registrar, which is a company that has been accredited by ICANN as domain registration.
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- There are many registrars or companies that offer domain registration services, but only a few companies are truly credible and competent in handling domain matters, one of which is Namecheap.
Specifically for the TLD Country Code (ccTLD), ICANN delegates its authority to each country, whereas in Pakistan this authority is held by PKNIC.
PKNIC manage all domains with the suffix .pk which is a code from the country of Pakistan, such as .pk, .com.pk, .gov.pk, .edu.pk, etc.
Understanding Hosting
Several times I had received questions like this, "I have bought a domain, how come my website can't be accessed yet?" Yes, of course, because the domain is only one component, there are still other components that you need to have, named as Hosting.
As previously explained that the domain name is used to identify the IP address of a computer server, now this computer server is in a Hosting.
Hosting is a place to store data from a website so that it can be accessed via the internet, the data can be files, images, videos, emails, databases, programs, etc. Hosting for websites is often referred to as Web Hosting.
Domain and Hosting Relations
Owning/buying a domain name is like buying a store signboard. Where you can buy a shop, at a person or company that receives billboard, neon box, etc. This nameplate manufacturing company is like a registrar/place to buy a domain.
Then by only having a shop signboard, is your shop able to operate right away? Of course not, because you still need a place to store and display the items you sell. You need a place so that people can come to visit to look around and buy things you sell.
So then you decide to rent a stall in one of the malls. You decorate your stall in such a way that it looks attractive and different from other stalls in the Mall. You also have a store signboard that you bought before on the front of your kiosk. Well, this stall is like your website. While the process of installing a store signboard is like a DNS transfer.
Whereas Mall Management that rents out kiosks complete with various required infrastructures is like a Web Hosting company. The kiosk you rent certainly has facilities such as a certain size (eg 3 × 3 meters), electric power, telephone network, internet network, air conditioning, lighting, etc. This kiosk facility is like hosting features. Meanwhile, the Mall building that is managed by Mall Management is like that of your website's Computer Server.
So after you have a domain, the next step is to put the domain on hosting, then you can start building your website.
Good luck, greetings success always for all of us,
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